How to Trim Dog Dewclaws Safely and When to Worry
Dewclaws are easy to forget because they sit up on the inside of the leg. That is exactly why they are so often overgrown, and why a missed dewclaw can end up growing into the skin.
What are dewclaws?
Dewclaws are vestigial digits found on the inner side of the legs, above the paw. Most dogs have them on the front legs. Some breeds also have them on the hind legs, and breeds such as the Great Pyrenees and Briard may have double dewclaws. Some dewclaws are firmly attached with bone and muscle, which dogs may use for gripping. Others are loosely attached by skin only.
Why trimming matters
Because they do not wear down on the ground, dewclaws grow longer than other nails. Long dewclaws can:
- Curl round and pierce the skin
- Snag on carpets, grass and furniture and tear
- Cause pain and infection
See paw pad care for more about keeping the feet healthy.
How to trim them
- Hold the leg gently and find the dewclaw.
- Locate the quick, using the pink in pale nails or small cuts in dark ones. See how to find the quick in black dog nails.
- Cut small pieces, at an angle that follows the curve.
- Check the surface after each cut.
- Smooth the edge with a file or grinder.
Use the same tools you use for other nails. See how to trim dog nails safely.
How often
Check dewclaws at every nail trim and trim whenever they extend past the skin or start to curve. See how often to trim dog nails.
Signs of trouble
- A dewclaw growing into the leg
- Swelling, redness or discharge
- Limping or licking the area
- A torn or hanging dewclaw
Contact your vet if you see these. A torn dewclaw can bleed heavily and be painful.
What about removal?
Some puppies have dewclaws removed shortly after birth, particularly in certain breeds. This is a matter for the breeder and vet, and it is not necessary for most pet dogs. Dewclaws attached by bone, especially on the front legs, can serve a purpose. Ask your vet if you are unsure.
Handling a reluctant dog
Dewclaws are often more sensitive. Hold the leg gently, go slowly and use treats. See how to get a dog used to nail trims.
Protecting dewclaws
For active dogs, check dewclaws after rough play and hikes. Keep them trimmed to reduce the risk of snags.
A short checklist for dewclaw care
- Look at the dewclaws every week, since they hide in the fur.
- Trim whenever you trim the other nails.
- Part long hair and clean around the base.
- Check that the nail is not touching the skin or curling.
- Watch your dog's gait after hard play for signs of snagging.
Double and rear dewclaws
Some breeds have double dewclaws on the hind legs, such as the Beauceron and Great Pyrenees. These need the same care, and are sometimes more loosely attached, so be gentle. If your dog's dewclaws wobble or seem to hang, ask your vet whether they are prone to injury.
When a dewclaw needs the vet
A dewclaw that has grown into the skin is a medical problem, not a grooming one. Do not try to pull it out. Your vet can trim, clean and treat the wound, and prescribe medication if there is infection. Prevention is simple: trim regularly and look closely each time.
The takeaway
Trim dewclaws with the other nails, watch for curling and see your vet for injuries. A quick check at every trim avoids painful problems.
Frequently asked questions
What are dewclaws?
Extra digits on the inside of a dog's legs, like a thumb.
Do all dogs have them?
Most have front dewclaws, while some have rear dewclaws, and some breeds have double ones.
Should dewclaws be removed?
It is a decision for your vet and is not routine for pet dogs.
How often should I trim?
Every time you trim the other nails, or sooner if they curl.